Backer - Fabric material laminated or used to give reinforcement to weak material to give it strength and to help it stand up. The process of laminating such material is known as backing.
Back Splitting - Reduction of sole substance at the heel, seat and waist, mainly done for Louise Heel Construction.
Bagged Edge - A method of joining of the quarter top edge all round the ankle so that the seam joining the lining with the quarters is about 5 mm below the folded edge of the quarters so that no stitches can be seen on outside.
Ball Girth - The circumference of the foot around the middle of the big and small toe joints.
Ball Line - A line drawn across the widest portion of a foot or last.
Ballerina - Flat heeled (not more than one lift) pump, light weight, new-cut type shoes used by women and constructed by direct method of attachment and have similarity with ballet shoe.
Ballet Shoe - A Very light and flexible type of heelless shoe with heavily blocked toe made with upper of cloth (sometimes of satin) designed for ballet dancing.
Balmoral - A type of Gents' Shoe having a closed front-laced ankle. It is characterized by the vamp wings extended to both sides, to form a golosh.
Baseline - Last designed with standard bottom measurement to facilitate the design and manufacture of components to fit.
Basic Cutting Area - The area which includes pattern area and the unavoidable waste. The area between the patterns which can not be avoided when patterns are laid out together is termed as unavoidable waste. The space required by the patterns individually is the pattern area.
Beach Sandals - Simple sandals for beach (sea side) use, usually of rubber or plastic.
Beading - The turning in of edge of an upper section either skived or unskived. Sometimes the skived edge is turned over a cotton tape or tubular decoration for enhancing the appearance of the footwear and to give more strength at the edges.
Bed Lasting - An operation by which upper at the toe and seat is wiped to proper position on the Insole and kept in position either by cement, wire or tacks.
Bellows Tongue - A broad tongue in a lace up shoe which is stitched to the quarter at each side.
Belly - The underside of a hide or skin between fore and hind legs.
Benching - Final faking and fiddling to the shoes, after having passed through all the finishing operations, for any slight imperfection either in upper or bottom.
Bend - Sole leather made from the rear portion of a heavy cattle hide divided along the line of the backbone, after removal of bellies and shoulder.
Beveling - Reducing the substance of certain components of the shoe bottom by skiving such as Insole seat beveling.
Bifurcated Heel Pins - Round parallel shank pins used for stitching heels, made from screw wire which are without heads or points, but whose ends are bifurcated to increase their holding power.
Binding - Fabric tape or leather strip covering raw edges of leather round top line to hold outer and lining together and give a neat, durable finish. The covering of edges of the insole of ladies footwear with a strip of leather or fabric.
Blake Sewn Construction - Method of construction in which upper is directly attached to sole. The upper is lasted to the insole and the sole is then attached by vertical chain or locks stitched. In case of hand method the attachment is made by lock stitches only.
Blind Eyelets - Eyelets inserted and clenched on the lining, surface of the eyelet is not apparent on the outside of the footwear.
Blocked Toe - The toe of a footwear without any opening at the toe.
Blucher Bal Shoe - A Blucher Shoe in which the vamp is stitched overlapping the quarter.
Bontex Board - Brand of insole material of Bonded Fibers.
Boot - A type of shoe reaching above the ankle, often to the knee.
Bootee - A shoe having an upper extending slightly above the ankle, boot type, with warm lining, usually worn by women and children in cold weather. Designed for fashion and comfort, with upper of soft , flexible material.
Bottom Filler - The material normally cork sheet, leather board or leather, used to fill up the cavity formed by the lasted over margin of the upper and insole.
Bow - A decorative accessory for women's shoes sometimes on vamp or sometimes at the ends of the laces.
Boxing - The final operation in which the shoes are packed in boxes in pairs, ready to go out of the factory.
Box Toe - A stiffener used to maintain and reinforce the shape of shoe toe, preserve the toe room allowed within the shoe, and to protect the wearer's toes from blows. Metal Box Toes are used in some safety shoes.
Brannock - A foot size measuring device with a sliding gauge to measure fitting.
Brogue Shoe - A balamoral type of shoe, the upper comprising several parts with perforations and gimping along the margins, together with a punched and gimped wing cap. A brogue effect is often achieved in other styles of shoes by punching and gimping.
Buffing - The process of removing thin layer of grain side of sole or insole by use of abrasive to give it a finer look or to allow penetration of colour and prevent cracking.
Bunching - Terms referred to the bunching or depositing of bottom filling material at different places after shifting from its own place and forming humps and causing annoyance to the wearer.
Butted Seam - Seam produced by joining two components, edge to edge, by zigzag seam.
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